A key part of any mobile phone specification is its operating frequency bands. The supported frequency bands determine whether a certain handset is compatible with a certain network carrier.
Beside the mobile phone specifications, GSMArena is happy to also provide you with its own country-based frequency band directory. It's not operator-specific and it's helpful if you are choosing a handset to use in your home country or if you are making sure your phone will work in the country you are heading to.
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| Please select the country you are interested in: |
Germany
2G capabilities | GSM 900, GSM 1800 |
3G capabilities | UMTS 900, UMTS 2100 |
4G capabilities | LTE 700 (B28), LTE 800 (B20), LTE 900 (B8 - Telekom and Vodafone), LTE 1800 (B3), LTE 2100 (B1), LTE 2600 (B7, B38 - Vodafone) |
2G, first introduced in 1992, is the second-generation of cellular telephone technology and the first to use digital encryption of conversations. 2G networks were the first to offer data services and SMS text messaging, but their data transfer rates are lower than those of their successors.
3G networks succeed 2G ones, offering faster data transfer rates and are the first to enable video calls. This makes them especially suitable for use in modern smartphones, which require constant high-speed internet connection for many of their applications.
4G is the fourth generation of mobile phone communications standards. It is a successor of the 3G and provides ultra-broadband internet access for mobile devices. The high data transfer rates make 4G networks suitable for use in USB wireless modems for laptops and even home internet access.
5G is the fifth generation of mobile phone communications standards. It is a successor to 4G and promises to be faster than previous generations while opening up new uses cases for mobile data. The 5G benefits range from faster speeds (up to 10x faster), much lower latency (up to 50x lower) and greater capacity allowing many more devices to be connected at the same time.
Make note that for complete accuracy you should always check with your home service provider or with the local service providers in the country you are staying at.
If you happen to find any incorrect information in our frequency bands directory, please do not hesitate to contact us at .
by W.A. Steer PhD
About...
After coming by some new information, my curiosity was aroused withregard to what exactly a digital GSM mobile phone transmits. Thisdocument summarises what I found out, and actually measured.
Background
Contemporary 'digital' mobile phones in Europe operate using the GSM(Global Systems Mobile) system. There are two frequency bands allocatedto GSM mobile phones, one at 900MHz, and one at 1800MHz. GSM uses acombination of frequency division multiple access (FDMA) and timedivision multiple access (TDMA). What this means in reality is thatwithin each band there are a hundred or so available carrierfrequencies on 200kHz spacing (the FDMA bit), and each carrier isbroken up into time-slots so as to support 8 separate conversations(the TDMA bit). Correspondingly, the handset transmission is pulsedwith a duty cycle of 1:8; and the average power is one eighth ofthe peak power. Once a call is in progress, the phones are designed toreduce the radiofrequency (RF) output power to the minimum required forreliable communication - under optimum conditions, the power can be setas low as 20mW (one hundredth of full power). Battery consumption andradiation output of the handset is further reduced by using'discontinuous transmission' (DTX); the phone transmits very much lessdata during pauses in the conversation.
Unlocked Gsm Phones For Sale
Experimental
I rigged up a simple circuit (crystal-set type non-tuned diode demodulator)and recorded the signal amplitude using a standard PC soundcard line-insocket.Gsm Mobile
The figure below represents the amplitude of the a GSM mobile phone (Vodafone)transmission on reception of an incoming call.
The interpretation of the call progress is my own, based on limitedknowledge. Note how the transmitter power is reduced once the call hasbeen set up and the conversation begins. Note also the 'gaps' during thesilence in the conversation, where the transmitted signal returns to a'holding' signal -- which looks superficially similar to the signal duringringing.
The slow and smooth variation in amplitude is caused by moving the phonerelative to my receiver during the measurement, and is not significant!
This represents a section of the voice transmission, the timescaleof the whole plot being a little over 1 second.
Expanding the timescale further, the detail of the pulse structureis revealed. The pulses come at4.62 millisecond intervals (approx. 217Hz frequency), each lasting0.57 milliseconds. This gives a mark:space ratio of 1:7, allowingup to eight calls to be time-multiplexed (TDMA) onto the same carrierfrequency. Every 26th pulse is omitted, causing an 8.3Hz periodicity inthe signal.
The plot below shows some detail of the effect of the discontinuoustransmission.
Possible health issues
I'm trying to continue to 'sit on the fence', and not give an opinionon the possible health-implications of mobile phones. The generalconsensus of the scientific community and the relevant radiation-protection bodies is that there is no significant evidence of ahealth risk from mobile phones. Nevertheless, some people still claimto suffer headaches and other symptoms which they blame on theirphone. Long term effects, of course, can only be observed after along time. The official line is basically that they are safe, butsome caution wouldn't go amiss. The emitted RF energy will be muchreduced if you use the phone in a good signal area (eg line of sightto the base-station), whereas use in a poor signal area like insidea lift (elevator) or a tunnel will result in the phone using a muchhigher power.Gsn Mobile
You might want to consider the following points:
- With a 2 watt transmitter power the RF field strength, within acouple of centimetres of the aerial is quite high (around 400V/meter). Forcomparision, most electronic equipment is usually only guaranteed to operatenormally in fields up to 3V/meter. Use of a phone within a few metresof electronic equipment can cause interference, and possible malfunction.
- The pulsed structure of the output has, rightly or wrongly, alsobeen a source of concern for human well-being. The component at 8Hzis close to brainwave frequencies.
- Besides the magnetic component of the RF field, a mobile phone would beexpected to emit a weak, low frequency magnetic field. This will begenerated by the power wiring inside the phone as the 2watt transmitter(around 1amp from the 2volt battery) is switched on and off. Although thestrength of this field is much less than the Earth's constantmagnetic field, recent studies have indicated that even very weakswitched magnetic fields are capable of affecting neurons in the brain,and of aborting epileptic fits. Perhaps they can also cause other, lessdesireable effects?
- What is for sure is that RF energy to which the public are exposed frombase stations is typically less than one thousandth the strength of thatfrom holding a handset to the ear. Technically very much higher powertelevision transmitters have been operated on similar frequencies (to GSM900)for many years (albeit with different modulation structure), and yet havenot caused such an outcry. With fewer TV transmitters, and not generallysited in the heart of suburbia, they haven't generated 'not-in-my-back-yard'sentiments in the same way. The visual impact of 'masts' is stillundesireable though!
Further reading
- For more technical leads, try a web search for 'GSM' and 'GMSK'. Google
Created: February 2001
Last modified: 23 March 2002Gsn Mobile
Gsm Mobile Phone Tracking System
Source: http://www.techmind.org/gsm/©2001 William Andrew Steer
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